Taper Time: How to Train, Eat, and Rest the Right Way

There is a reason why runners call this time of the season the “taper crazies”. It simply makes most of us go nuts because we can’t tell if we are running too little or too much, eating enough, resting enough, and we are so nervous for race day that we end up not sleeping enough. This only makes us even more crazy, since sleep is vital at this time! We are officially closing in on the first of the Fall marathons— with Chicago up next on October 13th. It’s an exciting time for some big races, but it’s important to stay strict with your taper approach in the midst of the excitement.

How Much Should I Be Running?

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No matter what you feel your body is capable of, the amount of fitness gains that can be made during the last 2-3 weeks before a race are slim to none. All the work has been done at this point. The strategy I use for myself and my athletes is a full two-week taper approach where mileage and intensity is cut down gradually. By two weeks out of race day, a 25% cut in overall mileage is ideal to get the legs to start resting. Lowering intensity will naturally come from the drop in mileage, as you shouldn’t completely eliminate these workouts at this time. Instead, cut back a few reps from your track session and a few miles off of your tempo run. Keeping up with post-run strides continues to be important as this keeps good strength in the legs and helps maintain proper form.

The week before the race, mileage should be cut by 50%, with additional time spent utilizing recovery tactics. The very last speed session should be completed by Tuesday or Wednesday (at the latest), in order to get the legs rested. It's just fine to add in a few sets of strides after your easy runs later in the week, but the intense, longer workouts should be kept to a minimum on race week. It is also important to keep pace no faster than goal race pace for your speed sessions this week. The majority of mileage should be at a comfortable, easy pace and decrease each day. An easy shakeout run scheduled one or two days before the race will help keep the legs loose and well-circulated.

What/How Much Should I Eat?

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You should eat exactly the same as you always eat! The worst thing to do is to try to add in different kinds of food or drastically increase carbs to “carb load” and then be sick to your stomach on race morning. The most important thing to do is eat the foods you are used to. It can be tough when traveling for races, so choose menu items at restaurants carefully and as close to your usual diet as possible. Some runners opt to bring their own snacks along when they travel, which is especially good for race morning. It is not that hard to travel with a bag of bagels, single serving packets of peanut butter, granola bars, and gels.

Along with good and adequate nutrition, it is important to keep yourself from getting sick. The extra nerves and excitement add additional stress to the body, and since you are just coming off of the most intense part of your training, your immune system is a bit weaker. The easiest way to help prevent any illness is to stay hydrated. Drinking lots of water helps to flush out any toxins and bacteria in the body that can lead to catching a cold. You may also want to add in some extra vitamin C, zinc, and glutamine to keep your immune system as strong as possible.

What Else Can I Do to Make Sure My Body is Rested Enough?

We hear the word “recovery” and we think we are doing it right, but there is more to it than lowering mileage. This concept MUST be emphasized during the last two weeks before a race. The most important part of your recovery plans should consist of extra sleep. A good idea is to start getting to bed 10-15 minutes earlier every night starting at 10 to 14 days out from race day. It’s normal (and OKAY) to not sleep well the night before the race, which is when most people are nervous and anxious, but you want to get in the extra ZzZs for several days leading up to the big day. Down time throughout each day is another good way to recover. Since you are running and strength training less, you’ll have some extra time to fit in laying around with your legs elevated. Although massage is not a permanent fix for tight and sore muscles, it helps to get a couple of sessions during your taper period for the benefit of stress-relief and decreasing lactic acid in the body.

THE DAY BEFORE

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Some runners make the mistake of laying around TOO much the day before a big race. Although resting should be emphasized, you can end up doing much more than you need, and risk being all stiff come race morning. This is why it is recommended to do a shakeout run—an easy 20-30 minutes of running at a slow, recovery pace. This will keep your legs loose. Throughout the day, add in a little bit of walking and stretching in between periods of relaxing and elevating your legs. Some runners opt for visiting the expo and other race event venues the day before. If you decide to do this, try to avoid walking and standing around for hours at a time. You want to save as much energy as possible for the race!

Following these guidelines during your taper period will help you be as prepared as possible for the big day. The key is to get a handle on the things you can control—your nutrition and hydration, resting your mind and body, and get your gear in place. Try not to worry about the factors that are outside of your control—such as bad weather. Keep your mind focused on staying smart and celebrating your hard work, and race day will most likely be a great day!